Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
62 Portable Sport Boundary Sensors
Andreya Dart
Modhura Kar
Neil Bhide
Jose Sanchez Vicarte design_document0.pdf
final_paper0.docx
other0.pdf
presentation0.pptx
proposal0.pdf
Problem:
One of the biggest sources of tension in recreational tennis and volleyball is line call disputes. When playing recreational tennis and volleyball, players have to rely on their opponent to make honest calls. Sometimes, unfortunately, the opponent makes the wrong call either by accident or on purpose. We would like to create portable sensors that can be placed on recreational tennis courts. These sensors will beep when a ball is out of bounds, thus dispelling any line disputes.

Solution:
Our solution involves placing sensors in areas of the court that have the most disputes: the baseline and the side alleys in tennis and the back boundary lines in volleyball. We plan on placing 2-4 sensors on each line to track and beep if a standard green tennis ball and standard size volleyball lands outside the line. We will use passive infrared sensors placed just beyond the far side of the line to detect if the ball hits outside of it. We will only be looking at 1 inch outside of the line since anything further can be seen by both players.

Goals:
One goal of this project is to allow the average recreational player to know if the ball they hit is in or out. We want our solution be easy to install, portable, heavy enough to withstand wind, durable enough to survive rain, and solar powered. Additionally, our solution will work universally on all kinds of courts including asphalt, concrete, carpet, and clay.

Challenges:
One challenge that we will face is incorporating the sensors onto game play surface. The sensors need to be able to withstand various forces (such as a ball hitting it, a player stepping on it, or a player hitting it with their racquet) and also not interfere with game play. Another challenge is creating sensors with high accuracy; a sensor that works less than 90% of the time does not solve our original problem. Sensor placement provides additional issues. We want the sensors to be portable, but some locations on the court will yield inaccuracies in sensing the ball. They need to be placed in such a manner that they accurately cover the entire line they are dedicated to ‘watching,’ since a sensor that is placed incorrectly could declare balls out when they are actually in. Additionally, the sensors need to be able to differentiate between human and ball movement, which is difficult because of the variety of speeds of both the ball and human in a match.

Control System and User Interface for Hydraulic Bike

Iain Brearton

Featured Project

Parker-Hannifin, a fluid power systems company, hosts an annual competition for the design of a chainless bicycle. A MechSE senior design team of mechanical engineers have created a hydraulic circuit with electromechanical valves, but need a control system, user interface, and electrical power for their system. The user would be able to choose between several operating modes (fluid paths), listed at the end.

My solution to this problem is a custom-designed control system and user interface. Based on sensor feedback and user inputs, the system would change operating modes (fluid paths). Additionally, the system could be improved to suggest the best operating mode by implementing a PI or PID controller. The system would not change modes without user interaction due to safety - previous years' bicycles have gone faster than 20mph.

Previous approaches to this problem have usually not included an electrical engineer. As a result, several teams have historically used commercially-available systems such as Parker's IQAN system (link below) or discrete logic due to a lack of technical knowledge (link below). Apart from these two examples, very little public documentation exists on the electrical control systems used by previous competitors, but I believe that designing a control system and user interface from scratch will be a unique and new approach to controlling the hydraulic system.

I am aiming for a 1-person team as there are 6 MechSE counterparts. I emailed Professor Carney on 10/3/14 and he thought the general concept was acceptable.

Operating modes, simplified:

Direct drive (rider's pedaling power goes directly to hydraulic motor)

Coasting (no power input, motor input and output "shorted")

Charge accumulators (store energy in expanding rubber balloons)

Discharge accumulators (use stored energy to supply power to motor)

Regenerative braking (use motor energy to charge accumulators)

Download Competition Specs: https://uofi.box.com/shared/static/gst4s78tcdmfnwpjmf9hkvuzlu8jf771.pdf

Team using IQAN system (top right corner): https://engineering.purdue.edu/ABE/InfoFor/CurrentStudents/SeniorProjects/2012/GeskeLamneckSparenbergEtAl

Team using discrete logic (page 19): http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/86206/ME450?sequence=1