Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
59 Automatic Titration System
 Jack Viebrock
Jason Flanagan
Matthew Weyrich
 Selva Subramaniam design_document2.pdf
final_paper1.pdf
photo1.png
photo2.png
presentation2.pdf
proposal2.pdf
video
# Automatic Titration System
## Team Members:
- Jack Viebrock (Jackav3)
- Jason Flanagon (Jasonpf2)
- Matthew Weyrich (Weyrich4)
## Problem
Titration is a time-consuming process that can introduce large amounts of error from the manual procedure, such as improper burette reading, accidental extra analyte added, and guessing on the endpoint with a color indicator. Automatic titration systems can help reduce this error but cost over $3,000, restricting their application to wealthy labs.
## Solution
We will create a lower-cost automatic titration system to bridge this gap in the market to make it affordable to have high-quality titration data accuracy over manual methods

## Solution Components:
### Subsystem 1: Sensors
PH Module Probe Detection and Acquisition Monitoring Control Industrial Inspection Tool PH014 PH Electrode Probe: Amazon.com: Industrial & Scientific
(https://www.amazon.com/Detection-Acquisition-Monitoring-Industrial-Inspection/dp/B08XMBGCM8/ref=asc_df_B08XMBGCM8/?tag=hyprod-20&linkCode=df0&hvadid=675719866680&hvpos=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=3781607236679164999&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=&hvdev=c&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=1016367&hvtargid=pla-2246775686040&psc=1&mcid=c6b1279b2a033a4ebc0bcac78d93f067 )

The titration system will not need the use of an indicator. To determine the amount of titrate to add to the solution, a pH sensor will be used. This sensor will connect to microcontroller, indicating the current acidity of the solution on a scale of 0-14, where 7 is the base value.
### Subsystem 2: Power System
We will be using an AC (120V, 60Hz) wall to DC (dependent on final components and circuits) adapter, additionally we will need to use dc-to-dc adapters for the varying dc voltages needed for the varying subsystem devices including the microcontroller (5.5V), stepping motor (2.8V). With those dc-to-dc converters, we can make our own PCBs or order prefabricated devices to perform the conversion. If time permits, we may dive into a battery system to support portability.
### Subsystem 3: Control
PIC PIC® 18F Microcontroller IC 8-Bit 48MHz 32KB (16K x 16) FLASH 28-SOIC
The microcontroller will be taking the live output voltage from the pH sensors and will control the speed and precision of the titrate pump accordingly. The microcontroller will also be in-charge of starting and ending the pump when the start button is pressed. Volume amounts per step of the motor will be pre-determined and calibrated so the microcontroller can determine volume.
### Subsystem 4: Motor
Our implementation of an automatic titration system will imitate a burette by using a syringe driver, which is a stepper motor and linear actuator to precisely administer titrant with a syringe. The motor will need to be connected to the PCB so it can be controlled through the microcontroller. This is a potential stepper motor we could use: Buy 17N19S1684MB-200RS Nema 17 Non-captive Linear Stepper Motor Actuator 48mm Stack 1.8 Deg 1.68A Lead 8mm/0.31496" Lead Screw 200mm Online - Oyostepper.com (https://www.oyostepper.com/goods-1162-Nema-17-Non-captive-Linear-Stepper-Motor-Actuator-48mm-Stack-168A-Lead-8mm031496-Length-200mm.html) which has 0.04 mm lead/step to allow us to compress the syringe exactly. The syringe will then be attached to a plastic tube with a pointed end to minimize drop size, thus further increasing precision on titrant dispense.
### (Stretch Goal) Subsystem 5: Display of Data with Graph
The main data output to user will be a live reading of the pH, but this stretch goal will display a common graph used in titrations is called a “titration curve”. If we can fit it in the budget and time constraints, we will add this functionality to display this graph.
Amazon.com: Treedix 3.5 inch TFT LCD Display 320 x 480 Color Screen Module Compatible with Arduino UNO R3 Mega2560 : Electronics (https://www.amazon.com/Treedix-Display-Screen-Arduino-Mega2560/dp/B0872S57HG?source=ps-sl-shoppingads-lpcontext&ref_=fplfs&psc=1&smid=A22NPL1KB8AOV0 )
An Arduino Uno will be used along with an LCD display to show the current pH of the solution. A live graph will be created using the Arduino Serial Plotter to visually show the live data from the pH sensors.

## Criterion For Success
(For safety with demos, we can do a food-safe vinegar titration to avoid any harmful chemicals)
- Primary Success: Repeat titration with only 0.5% deviation between measurements
- Secondary Success: Provide a decrease in 30% of time taken over a manual titration.

Control System and User Interface for Hydraulic Bike

Iain Brearton

Featured Project

Parker-Hannifin, a fluid power systems company, hosts an annual competition for the design of a chainless bicycle. A MechSE senior design team of mechanical engineers have created a hydraulic circuit with electromechanical valves, but need a control system, user interface, and electrical power for their system. The user would be able to choose between several operating modes (fluid paths), listed at the end.

My solution to this problem is a custom-designed control system and user interface. Based on sensor feedback and user inputs, the system would change operating modes (fluid paths). Additionally, the system could be improved to suggest the best operating mode by implementing a PI or PID controller. The system would not change modes without user interaction due to safety - previous years' bicycles have gone faster than 20mph.

Previous approaches to this problem have usually not included an electrical engineer. As a result, several teams have historically used commercially-available systems such as Parker's IQAN system (link below) or discrete logic due to a lack of technical knowledge (link below). Apart from these two examples, very little public documentation exists on the electrical control systems used by previous competitors, but I believe that designing a control system and user interface from scratch will be a unique and new approach to controlling the hydraulic system.

I am aiming for a 1-person team as there are 6 MechSE counterparts. I emailed Professor Carney on 10/3/14 and he thought the general concept was acceptable.

Operating modes, simplified:

Direct drive (rider's pedaling power goes directly to hydraulic motor)

Coasting (no power input, motor input and output "shorted")

Charge accumulators (store energy in expanding rubber balloons)

Discharge accumulators (use stored energy to supply power to motor)

Regenerative braking (use motor energy to charge accumulators)

Download Competition Specs: https://uofi.box.com/shared/static/gst4s78tcdmfnwpjmf9hkvuzlu8jf771.pdf

Team using IQAN system (top right corner): https://engineering.purdue.edu/ABE/InfoFor/CurrentStudents/SeniorProjects/2012/GeskeLamneckSparenbergEtAl

Team using discrete logic (page 19): http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/86206/ME450?sequence=1