Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
2 Seeing Ⓘ Hat
 Matthew Esses
Mitchell Gilmer
Shreya Venkat
 Sanjana Pingali design_document1.pdf
design_document2.pdf
final_paper1.pdf
presentation1.pptx
proposal1.pdf
# Seeing Ⓘ Hat
Team Members
Shreya Venkat (shreyav3)

Mitchell Kalogridis Elekzandros Varik Gilmer (gilmer2)

Matthew Esses (messes2)

# PROBLEM
Individuals with visual impairments encounter difficulties in independent navigation of their surroundings, causing lowered spatial awareness and concern with their personal safety.While there are solutions such as canes or seeing eye dogs, there is an issue with detecting range for objects further than a meter out. Seeing eye dogs only take the owner into a certain direction and are used to make sure the user stays in a straight line from their directions. Dogs can unfortunately become distracted by things like food or children petting the, even with training. Also, there are likely people allergic to dogs or with traumatic experiences that wouldn't want one, while the dog requires being taken care of constantly as a pet.


# SOLUTION
We want to make a hat designed to empower blind individuals by offering a 360-degree field of view. It will use advanced LiDAR sensors for wayfinding and dead reckoning, and Doppler RADARs for collision detection. This technology translates the surrounding environment into real-time spatial data, allowing users to navigate their surroundings with newfound independence. The hat also includes vibration motors strategically placed to indicate the direction of the nearest objects, aiding users in easily navigating their environment.
# SOLUTION COMPONENTS

# Subsystem 0: Microcontroller processing unit
- **STM32F401:** Microcontroller with 11 PWM outputs, massive processing power
## SUBSYSTEM 1: IMAGING AND SENSING SYSTEM
This subsystem focuses on capturing real-time spatial data
- **LIDAR SENSOR USING I2C:** Primary imaging sensor for user dead reckoning
- **Accelerometer and magnetometer** Tracking and adjusting user movement for data calculations
- **HB100 Doppler RADAR:** Secondary emergency collision detection sensor
- **Small LCD screen:** Diagnostic tool (not for user, this is for debugging)
## SUBSYSTEM 2: SCANNING MECHANISM
This subsystem focuses on the rotation of the scanner and the associated motor control.
- **Motor Driver:** Controlling rotational speed of the scanner using PWM input from the microcontroller
- **DC Brushless Motor** Main mechanical power source
- **Hall Effect Sensor Circuit:** For determining the direct angular positioning of a motor
- **3D printed parts and slip ring:** Mechanical backbone of project for properly transferring rotation to the LiDAR
## SUBSYSTEM 3: HAPTIC FEEDBACK SYSTEM
This subsystem includes vibration motors for providing haptic feedback to the user.
- **Demultiplexers/Decoders:** These receive output from the STM32 and outputs a PWM signal from the microcontroller to the vibration motors.
- **16 Vibration Motors:** Place vibration motors at various angles within the hat to indicate the direction of the nearest objects. In a power of 2 to mesh with the demultiplexers..
# SUBSYSTEM 4: Battery Power Supply Subsystem:
Create boost/buck converter circuits for power supplies to ensure uniform voltage supply.
- **LiPO batteries** - May be 3.7V in series - lightest reasonable weight, small form factor power source
- **Battery holder:** Holding the battery
- **eFuse current limiter, undercurrent included:** Safety sensor for microcontroller and components for rapid shut off
- **Over/Undervoltage lockout:** Safety sensor for components for rapid shut off
- **Buck converter:** Stepping down voltage for microcontroller and sensors
### A buck converter may or may not be required depending on the final motors and microprocessors. The microprocessor is rated for 3.75 - 5.2V. Our preferred method of accomplishing this voltage step down would be a buck converter. The in-line non-switching solutions appear to not be viable with the current draw requirements.
### The microprocessors range is close to the battery pack range. Depending on the final system requirement, the system may be viable to operate on a singular IC provided by Texas Instruments.
### If the buck converter is not an IC, then we would need to build a buck converter using a buck controller.
# CRITERION FOR SUCCESS
1) The Hall Effect sensor, magnetometer, and accelerometer are able to provide accurate heading and sensor data for the haptic feedback within 45 degrees accuracy when displaced.
2) Able to image a room, such as ECEB 2072, from the center at resolution of at least 0.2 meters using haptic feedback and with a monitor for others’ viewing as a diagnostic tool with a 360 degree range with an angular resolution and accuracy of 15 degrees.
3) Able to detect objects approaching the user from front, back, below, and both sides within 2 seconds using both the Doppler proximity sensor and the LIDAR.
4) Navigational Success: The Hat successfully aids a blindfolded user in navigating the second and third floors of ECEB without difficulties.
5) Power Supply Stability: Power system safely shuts down during extreme conditions such as battery failure and short circuit conditions without damaging the hardware.

Resonant Cavity Field Profiler

Salaj Ganesh, Max Goin, Furkan Yazici

Resonant Cavity Field Profiler

Featured Project

# Team Members:

- Max Goin (jgoin2)

- Furkan Yazici (fyazici2)

- Salaj Ganesh (salajg2)

# Problem

We are interested in completing the project proposal submitted by Starfire for designing a device to tune Resonant Cavity Particle Accelerators. We are working with Tom Houlahan, the engineer responsible for the project, and have met with him to discuss the project already.

Resonant Cavity Particle Accelerators require fine control and characterization of their electric field to function correctly. This can be accomplished by pulling a metal bead through the cavities displacing empty volume occupied by the field, resulting in measurable changes to its operation. This is typically done manually, which is very time-consuming (can take up to 2 days).

# Solution

We intend on massively speeding up this process by designing an apparatus to automate the process using a microcontroller and stepper motor driver. This device will move the bead through all 4 cavities of the accelerator while simultaneously making measurements to estimate the current field conditions in response to the bead. This will help technicians properly tune the cavities to obtain optimum performance.

# Solution Components

## MCU:

STM32Fxxx (depending on availability)

Supplies drive signals to a stepper motor to step the metal bead through the 4 quadrants of the RF cavity. Controls a front panel to indicate the current state of the system. Communicates to an external computer to allow the user to set operating conditions and to log position and field intensity data for further analysis.

An MCU with a decent onboard ADC and DAC would be preferred to keep design complexity minimum. Otherwise, high MIPS performance isn’t critical.

## Frequency-Lock Circuitry:

Maintains a drive frequency that is equal to the resonant frequency. A series of op-amps will filter and form a control loop from output signals from the RF front end before sampling by the ADCs. 2 Op-Amps will be required for this task with no specific performance requirements.

## AC/DC Conversion & Regulation:

Takes an AC voltage(120V, 60Hz) from the wall and supplies a stable DC voltage to power MCU and motor driver. Ripple output must meet minimum specifications as stated in the selected MCU datasheet.

## Stepper Drive:

IC to control a stepper motor. There are many options available, for example, a Trinamic TMC2100. Any stepper driver with a decent resolution will work just fine. The stepper motor will not experience large loading, so the part choice can be very flexible.

## ADC/DAC:

Samples feedback signals from the RF front end and outputs the digital signal to MCU. This component may also be built into the MCU.

## Front Panel Indicator:

Displays the system's current state, most likely a couple of LEDs indicating progress/completion of tuning.

## USB Interface:

Establishes communication between the MCU and computer. This component may also be built into the MCU.

## Software:

Logs the data gathered by the MCU for future use over the USB connection. The position of the metal ball and phase shift will be recorded for analysis.

## Test Bed:

We will have a small (~ 1 foot) proof of concept accelerator for the purposes of testing. It will be supplied by Starfire with the required hardware for testing. This can be left in the lab for us to use as needed. The final demonstration will be with a full-size accelerator.

# Criterion For Success:

- Demonstrate successful field characterization within the resonant cavities on a full-sized accelerator.

- Data will be logged on a PC for later use.

- Characterization completion will be faster than current methods.

- The device would not need any input from an operator until completion.

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