Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
16 Intelligent fire protection ecosystem
 Honglei Zhu
Jiawei Zhu
Xiaohua Ding
Yiyang Liu
 design_document1.pdf
design_document2.pdf
proposal1.pdf
proposal2.pdf
proposal3.pdf
 Yu Lin
#TEAM MEMBERS:
- Honglei Zhu
- Jiawei Zhu (jiawei6)
- Xiaohua Ding (xiaohua5)
- Yiyang Liu (yiyang24)

# PROBLEM

Traditional fire protection systems often rely on outdated equipment and simplistic detection methods, leading to inefficiencies and potential safety hazards. Current smoke sensors, sound alarms, and manual alarm buttons lack the sophistication needed to accurately detect and respond to fire incidents promptly. Additionally, conventional systems may suffer from high rates of false alarms, causing unnecessary disruptions and desensitizing occupants to genuine threats.

Moreover, the limited capabilities of traditional systems hinder their ability to adapt to evolving fire risks and environments. With the increasing complexity of modern buildings and the prevalence of diverse fire hazards, there is a growing need for intelligent fire protection solutions that can analyze fire information comprehensively, distinguish genuine threats from false alarms, and transmit critical fire signals remotely to safeguard lives and property effectively.

# SOLUTION OVERVIEW

Enhance the efficiency of conventional fire alarm apparatus while modernizing standard smoke sensors, auditory and visual alert systems, and manual alarm activation mechanisms. This advanced system is equipped with the capability to meticulously analyze data derived from fire sensors, enabling precise determination of fire occurrences. Additionally, it facilitates remote transmission of fire alerts, thereby ensuring swift responses to potential hazards, ultimately safeguarding both lives and property.

# SOLUTION COMPONENTS

## BLUETOOTH CONTROL SYSTEM:

- Apply a user-friendly mobile application interface for remote control and monitoring of the fire protection system via Bluetooth connectivity.

- Implement secure Bluetooth communication protocols to ensure data integrity

## CIRCUIT SYSTEM:

- Design and prototype circuit boards to integrate various sensors, alarms, and communication modules into a cohesive system.

- Conduct rigorous testing and optimization of circuit designs to ensure reliability and efficiency in operation under different environmental conditions.

## SENSOR SYSTEM:

- Research and select advanced smoke sensors with improved detection capabilities.

- Integrate additional sensors for detecting environmental factors like temperature, humidity, and gas levels to enhance fire detection accuracy.

## PHYSICAL APPEARANCE SYSTEM:

- Design aesthetically pleasing enclosures and housings for the fire protection system components, considering factors such as durability, ease of installation, and maintenance.

- Incorporate visual indicators and status lights into the design to provide intuitive feedback to users about the system's operational status.

## DATA ANALYSIS SYSTEM:

- Develop algorithms for real-time analysis of sensor data to accurately detect and classify fire incidents while minimizing false alarms.

- Implement data logging and storage mechanisms to maintain a record of fire events and system performance for later analysis and optimization.

## USER INTERFACE SYSTEM:

- Design intuitive interfaces for both physical control panels and mobile applications to facilitate user interaction with the fire protection system.

- Conduct usability testing and gather feedback to refine the user interface design for enhanced user experience and accessibility.

# CRITERION FOR SUCCESS

## RELIABILITY AND ACCURACY:
The system should demonstrate consistent and accurate fire detection capabilities, minimizing false alarms while promptly identifying genuine fire incidents.

## REMOTE ACCESSIBILITY
Users should be able to access and control the fire protection system remotely via Bluetooth connectivity or mobile application, ensuring timely response and management of fire-related emergencies.

## ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Energy consumption should be optimized to maximize battery life and minimize environmental impact, ensuring continuous operation even during power outages.

## COMPLIANCE AND SAFETY
The system should meet or exceed industry standards and regulatory requirements for fire protection, ensuring the safety of occupants and compliance with legal obligations.

## RELIABLE COMMUNICATION
The communication system should demonstrate high reliability and resilience, ensuring seamless transmission of fire alerts and system status updates to designated recipients in real-time.

# DELIVERABLES

- Fire alarm signal remote reminder, alarm signal transmission to cell phone applet and cell phone SMS reminder

- Linkage control between devices, detecting the fire signal can be linked to trigger the sound and light alarms.

- A variety of fire information collection, carbon monoxide, smoke concentration, temperature sensor specific values, human infrared signal detection, comprehensive analysis of big data to reduce the probability of false alarm trigger

- Development of fire information feedback platform, a fire alarm signal can be analyzed according to the data of a variety of detectors, to build fire models

- Design a fire control host, able to unify control

# DISTRIBUTION OF WORK

- ME Student Xiaohua Ding and Honglei Zhu perform product design and design shelves for final display.

- EE Student Jiawei Zhu and Yiyang Liu is responsible for writing Bluetooth transmission programs and designing the virtual circuits associated with them.

- All team members are involved in PCB soldering, circuit debugging and assembly.

A Micro-Tribotester to Characterize the Wear Phenomenon

Shuren Li, Boyang Shen, Sirui Wang, Ze Wang

A Micro-Tribotester to Characterize the Wear Phenomenon

Featured Project

**Problem**

Many research efforts have been made to understand the complex wear mechanisms used to reduce wear in sliding systems and thus reduce industrial losses. To characterize the wear process, coefficient of friction needs to be measured “not only after completion of the wear test but also during the wear test to understand the transitional wear behavior that led to the final state”.(Penkov) In order to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of these research methods, it is necessary to improve the instrument used to characterize the wear phenomenon to better measure the friction coefficient of the material. Although the instrument can be applied on all solid samples, we will use silicon wafer coated with SiO2 as our specimen targeted object.

**Solution Overview**

The objective of the experiment is to evaluate the wear phenomenon of the sample during the sliding test so as to obtain the wear information of the material. We will design planar positioning and force sensing system to get the move and force information of our objects. To collect the data of vertical load and horizontal friction, 2 force sensors are mounted on linear rails to minimize the radial force and ensure that only the axial forces are collected. Then, the coefficient of friction can be calculated by equation:

![](https://courses.grainger.illinois.edu/ece445zjui/pace/getfile/18615)

And to determine the relationship between the coefficient of friction and the state of wear, we use a microscope to monitor the state of wear at a given location in the wear track and evaluate the wear process during each sliding cycle. In this way, we can investigate the wear transition processes with respect to the sliding distance then transport our data to a computer. Finally, we will design our data processing method in the computer to successfully obtain an acceptable result in the margin error.

**Solution Components**

1. Motion Platform: This subsystem includes a linear actuator that moves the sample in reciprocating motion along X-axis, a stationary counter surface that applies constant vertical load onto the sample, and another actuator that compresses the spring and provides a vertical load to the counter sample.

2. Specimen and Counter surface: We will test the wear and friction between the specimen and the counter surface during the sliding test. A 10 × 10 mm^2 silicon (Si) wafer coated with 50 nm thick SiO2 will be used as the specimen and a stainless-steel ball with a diameter of 1 mm was used as the counter surface.

3. Sensors: This subsystem includes two force sensors that measure the vertical load and horizontal friction. The Load Sensor should assemble along with the Z-axis actuator. To measure the friction without the effect of load, we assemble the Load Sensor and Friction Sensor sensor on the Linear Rails, as the photo attached shows. Since the sensors are strain gauges and only outputs, small changes in resistance, amplifiers, and ADC are needed to collect the signal and send converted data to the computer.

4. Data Processing: This subsystem includes acquiring raw data of load and friction on the computer, applying necessary filters to reduce noise and improve accuracy, and plotting the result that reflects the relationship between the sliding cycles and coefficient of friction for our sample.

![](https://courses.grainger.illinois.edu/ece445zjui/pace/getfile/18611)

**Criterion for Success**

1. Motion platform can perform precise reciprocation. The control system can effectively control the number and speed of reciprocating motion.

2. The acquisition unit can collect data effectively and can transfer the data that can be processed to the computer.

3. On a computer, the raw data can be processed into a readable graph based on algorithms set up. By analyzing the graph, the relationship between the data and the expected results can be correctly obtained.

**References**

Penkov OV, Khadem M, Nieto A, Kim T-H, Kim D-E. Design and Construction of a Micro-Tribotester for Precise In-Situ Wear Measurements. Micromachines. 2017; 8(4):103. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi8040103